Overview
- Generate Public Key Sftp Server Download
- Generate Public Key For Sftp
- Sftp Key File
- Microsoft Sftp Server
- Generate Public Key Sftp Server List
- Generate Public Key Sftp Server List
- Sftp Public Key Authentication Example
SFTP provides an alternative method for client authentication. It's called SFTP public key authentication. This method allows users to login to your SFTP service without entering a password and is often employed for automated file transfers. In this post, we'll walk you through the process of setting up this kind of authentication on the command line. It's really easier to do this on a GUI-based interface but if you simply love doing things on the terminal, this post is for you.
Dec 18, 2019 Once the user is authenticated, the public key /.ssh/idrsa.pub will be appended to the remote user /.ssh/authorizedkeys file and connection will be closed. Number of key(s) added: 1 Now try logging into the machine, with: 'ssh 'username@serveripaddress' and check to make sure that only the key(s) you wanted were added.
Generate Public Key Sftp Server Download
Note: SFTP (through SSH) is usually installed on Linux distros, so we'll be using Linux for both the (SFTP) server and client machines in this tutorial.
1. Create the .ssh directory
The first thing you'll want to do is create a .ssh directory on your client machine. This directory should be created inside your user account's home directory. Login to your client machine and go to your home directory. Just enter:
- To generate an SSH key pair on a Windows machine: Download PuTTYgen.exe and run it. Select the RSA radio button in the Parameters section near the bottom of the page. Click the Generate button.
- Save the text file in the same folder where you saved the private key, using the.pub extension to indicate that the file contains a public key. If you or others are going to use an SSH client that requires the OpenSSH format for private keys (such as the ssh utility on Linux), export the private key: On the Conversions menu, choose Export.
- To generate an SFTP private key via the Key Manager, launch the JSCAPE MFT Server Manager, login, and then go to Keys. Next, navigate to the Client Keys tab and then click the Generate button. Fill up the fields in the Generate Client Key dialog.
cd ~
You should now be inside your home directory.
In the screenshot below, we used ls -a to list all the files and folders in our home directory.
To add the .ssh directory, just enter:
mkdir .ssh
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So now, when we list all the files in our home directory, we can already see the .ssh directory.
You'll want to make sure only the owner of this account can access this directory. To do that, change the user permissions of the directory by running:
chmod 700 .ssh
2. Run ssh-keygen
Next, we need to populate our .ssh directory with the public/private key pair we'll be using for our sftp key authentication. Run the ssh-keygen command:
ssh-keygen
Generate Public Key For Sftp
Not familiar with SFTP keys? Click that link to learn more about them.
Immediately after running the ssh-keygen command, you'll be asked to enter a couple of values, including:
- The file in which to save the private key (normally id_rsa). Just press Enter to accept the default value.
- The passphrase - this is a phrase that functions just like a password (except that it's supposed to be much longer) and is used to protect your private key file. You'll need it later, so make sure it's a phrase you can easily recall.
As soon as you've entered the passphrase twice, ssh-keygen will generate your private (id_rsa) and public (id_rsa.pub) key files and place them into your .ssh directory. You'll also be shown the key fingerprint that represents this particular key.
To verify whether the files were really created successfully and placed in your .ssh directory, go to your .ssh directory and list the files as shown:
Here's a sample of how the contents of an SFTP private key file (id_rsa) looks like, viewed using the less command.
and here's how the contents of a SFTP public key file (id_rsa.pub) looks like:
Again, we'd like to make sure only the owner can read, write, and execute these files. So run the chmod command yet again to assign the appropriate permisssions:
chmod 700 ./id_rsa.*
Now that we have a .ssh directory in our client machine (populated with the private/public key pair), we now have to create a corresponding .ssh directory on the server side.
3. Create .ssh directory on SFTP server
Login to your SFTP server via SSH. We're assuming you already have a user account on your SFTP server and that the service is already up and running. Don't worry too much if you encounter a notification saying 'The authenticity of host .. can't be established .. Are you sure you want to continue connecting?' Barring any untoward incidents, it's just SSH informing you that a trust relationship between your server and your client has not yet been established. Just type in 'yes', hit [enter], and enter your password.
Recommended article: Setting Up an SFTP Server
Once you're logged in, navigate to your user account's home directory (on the server) and (just like in your client machine), create a .ssh directory.
Assign the required permissions for this directory by running:
chmod 700 .ssh
Next, navigate to your newly created .ssh directory and create the file authorized_keys. This file will be used to hold the contents of your public key. Here, we create this file by using the touch command like so:
touch authorized_keys
Yes, you need to run chmod on this file too:
chmod 700 authorized_keys
When you're done, exit your SSH session.
4. Run ssh-copy-id
Now it's time to copy the contents of your SFTP public key to the authorized_keys file. The easiest way to do this would be to run the ssh-copy-id command. The ssh-copy-id program is usually included when you install ssh. The syntax is:
ssh-copy-id -i id_rsa.pub user@remoteserver
Sftp Key File
where user is just the username used earlier and remoteserver is just the IP address/hostname of your SFTP/SSH server.
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You'll then be asked to enter your account's password. This is just the same password you used to login via SSH earlier.
5. Login SFTP SSH key based authentication
To verify that everything went well, ssh again to your SFTP server. This time, you'll be asked to enter the passphrase instead of the password.
Navigate to your .ssh directory and view the contents of the authorized_keys file. It should contain exactly the same characters found in your SFTP public key file.
Microsoft Sftp Server
Exit your ssh session yet again and then login back in via SFTP with key authentication.
Note: Had you not assigned any passphrase when you created your public and private keys using ssh-keygen, you would have been able to login just like this:
Generate Public Key Sftp Server List
That's it. Now you know how to setup SFTP with public key authentication using the command line. There's actually an easier way to do this. The article 2 Ways to Generate an SFTP Private Key will show you a couple of GUI-based methods that arrive at the same result.
Get started
Generate Public Key Sftp Server List
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Sftp Public Key Authentication Example
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