Generating an SSH public key¶. Before you can either connect to your Git code repository or use SSH to sign in to your web server, you must have an SSH private/public key pair. Use the information on this page to help you create a key pair for your use. Nov 24, 2015 GitHub is home to over 40 million developers working together to host and review code, manage projects, and build software together. Sign up Using SSH public-key authentication to connect to a remote system. Aug 22, 2017 You can generate and set up an SSH key for github so that you don't need to always type your username and password when you push. All you need is git bash (o. Jun 26, 2019 When a site or service asks for your SSH key, they are referring to your SSH public key (idrsa.pub). For instance, services like GitHub and Gitlab allow you to place your SSH public key on their servers to streamline the process of pushing code changes to remote repositories. The authorizedkeys File. Create and add your SSH public key. It is best practice to use Git over SSH instead of Git over HTTP. In order to use SSH, you will need to: Create an SSH key pair on your local computer. Add the key to GitLab. Go to your command line. Follow the instructions to generate your SSH key pair.
-->Connect to your Git repos through SSH on macOS, Linux, or Windows to securely connect using HTTPS authentication. On Windows, we recommended the use of Git Credential Managers or Personal Access Tokens.
Important
SSH URLs have changed, but old SSH URLs will continue to work. If you have already set up SSH, you should update your remote URLs to the new format:
git remote -v
in your Git client.git remote set-url <remote name, e.g. origin> <new SSH URL>
. Alternatively, in Visual Studio, go to Repository Settings, and edit your remotes.Note
As of Visual Studio 2017, SSH can be used to connect to Git repos.
SSH public key authentication works with an asymmetric pair of generated encryption keys. The public key is shared with Azure DevOps and used to verify the initial ssh connection. The private key is kept safe and secure on your system.
The following steps cover configuration of SSH key authentication on the following platforms:
Configure SSH using the command line. bash
is the common shell on Linux and macOS and the Git for Windows installation adds a shortcut to Git Bash in the Start menu.Other shell environments will work, but are not covered in this article.
Note
If you have already created SSH keys on your system, skip this step and go to configuring SSH keys.
The commands here will let you create new default SSH keys, overwriting existing default keys. Before continuing, check your~/.ssh
folder (for example, /home/jamal/.ssh or C:Usersjamal.ssh) and look for the following files:
If these files exist, then you have already created SSH keys. You can overwrite the keys with the following commands, or skip this step and go to configuring SSH keys to reuse these keys.
Create your SSH keys with the ssh-keygen
command from the bash
prompt. This command will create a 2048-bit RSA key for use with SSH. You can give a passphrasefor your private key when prompted—this passphrase provides another layer of security for your private key.If you give a passphrase, be sure to configure the SSH agent to cache your passphrase so you don't have to enter it every time you connect.
This command produces the two keys needed for SSH authentication: your private key ( id_rsa ) and the public key ( id_rsa.pub ). It is important to never share the contents of your private key. If the private key iscompromised, attackers can use it to trick servers into thinking the connection is coming from you.
Associate the public key generated in the previous step with your user ID.
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Open your security settings by browsing to the web portal and selecting your avatar in the upper right of theuser interface. Select Security in the menu that appears.
Select SSH public keys, and then select + New Key.
Copy the contents of the public key (for example, id_rsa.pub) that you generated into the Public Key Data field.
Important
Avoid adding whitespace or new lines into the Key Data field, as they can cause Azure DevOps Services to use an invalid public key. When pasting in the key, a newline often is added at the end. Be sure to remove this newline if it occurs.
Give the key a useful description (this description will be displayed on the SSH public keys page for your profile) so that you can remember it later. Select Save to store the public key. Once saved, you cannot change the key. You can delete the key or create a new entry for another key. There are no restrictions on how many keys you can add to your user profile.
Note
Generate rsa key for different user. I will also explain how to maintain those keys by changing their associated comments and more importantly by changing the passphrases using this handy utility.Generating KeysGenerating public keys for authentication is the basic and most often used feature of ssh-keygen. Ssh-keygen is the basic way for generating keys for such kind of authentication. Public key authentication for SSH sessions are far superior to any password authentication and provide much higher security. In this post I will walk you through generating RSA and DSA keys using ssh-keygen.
To connect with SSH from an existing cloned repo, see updating your remotes to SSH.
Copy the SSH clone URL from the web portal. In this example, the SSL clone URL is for a repo in an organization named fabrikam-fiber, as indicated by the first part of the URL after dev.azure.com
.
Note
Project URLs have changed with the release of Azure DevOps Services and now have the format dev.azure.com/{your organization}/{your project}
, but you can still use the existing visualstudio.com
format. For more information, see VSTS is now Azure DevOps Services.
Run git clone
from the command prompt.
SSH may display the server's SSH fingerprint and ask you to verify it.
For cloud-hosted Azure DevOps Services, where clone URLs contain either ssh.dev.azure.com
or vs-ssh.visualstudio.com
, the fingerprint should match one of the following formats:
97:70:33:82:fd:29:3a:73:39:af:6a:07:ad:f8:80:49
(RSA)SHA256:ohD8VZEXGWo6Ez8GSEJQ9WpafgLFsOfLOtGGQCQo6Og
(RSA)These fingerprints are also listed in the SSH public keys page.For self-hosted instances of Azure DevOps Server, you should verify that the displayed fingerprint matches one of the fingerprints in the SSH public keys page.
SSH displays this fingerprint when it connects to an unknown host to protect you from man-in-the-middle attacks.Once you accept the host's fingerprint, SSH will not prompt you again unless the fingerprint changes.
When you are asked if you want to continue connecting, type yes
. Git will clone the repo and set up the origin
remote to connect with SSH for future Git commands.
Tip
Avoid trouble: Windows users will need to run a command to have Git reuse their SSH key passphrase.
Host key verification failed.fatal: Could not read from remote repository.
A: Manually record the SSH key by running:ssh-keyscan -t rsa domain.com >> ~/.ssh/known_hosts
A: Run the following command included in Git for Windows to start up the ssh-agent
process in Powershell or the Windows Command Prompt. ssh-agent
will cacheyour passphrase so you don't have to provide it every time you connect to your repo.
If you're using the Bash shell (including Git Bash), start ssh-agent with:
A: Yes. Load the private key with PuTTYgen, go to Conversions menu and select Export OpenSSH key.Save the private key file and then follow the steps to set up non-default keys.Copy your public key directly from the PuTTYgen window and paste into the Key Data field in your security settings.
A: You can verify the fingerprint of the public key uploaded with the one displayed in your profile through the following ssh-keygen
command run against your public key usingthe bash
command line. You will need to change the path and the public key filename if you are not using the defaults.
You can then compare the MD5 signature to the one in your profile. This check is useful if you have connection problems or have concerns about incorrectlypasting in the public key into the Key Data field when adding the key to Azure DevOps Services.
A: You'll need to update the origin
remote in Git to change over from a HTTPS to SSH URL. Once you have the SSH clone URL, run the following command:
You can now run any Git command that connects to origin
.
A: Azure DevOps Services currently doesn't support LFS over SSH. Use HTTPS to connect to repos with Git LFS tracked files.
A: To use keys created with ssh-keygen
in a different place than the default, you do two things:
ssh-add
command, providing the full path to the private key.On Windows, before running ssh-add
, you will need to run the following command from included in Git for Windows:
This command runs in both Powershell and the Command Prompt. If you are using Git Bash, the command you need to use is:
You can find ssh-add
as part of the Git for Windows distribution and also run it in any shell environment on Windows.
On macOS and Linux you also must have ssh-agent
running before running ssh-add
, but the command environment on these platforms usuallytakes care of starting ssh-agent
for you.
A: Generally, if you configure multiple keys for an SSH client and connect to an SSH server, the client can try the keys one at a time until the server accepts one.
However, this doesn't work with Azure DevOps for technical reasons related to the SSH protocol and how our Git SSH URLs are structured. Azure DevOps will blindly accept the first key that the client provides during authentication. If that key is invalid for the requested repo, the request will fail with the following error:
For Azure DevOps, you'll need to configure SSH to explicitly use a specific key file. One way to do this to edit your ~/.ssh/config
file (for example, /home/jamal/.ssh
or C:Usersjamal.ssh
) as follows:
A: Whenever you register a new SSH Key with Azure DevOps Services, you will receive an email notification informing you that a new SSH key has been added to your account.
A: If you receive a notification of an SSH key being registered and you did not manually upload it to the service, your credentials may have been compromised.
The next step would be to investigate whether or not your password has been compromised. Changing your password is always a good first step to defend against this attack vector. If you’re an Azure Active Directory user, talk with your administrator to check if your account was used from an unknown source/location.
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Community Note
DescriptionTerraform Cloud will accept a reference to an SSH key for access to private module repos however, the operator doesn't currently expose this as a configuration option. Potential Terraform ConfigurationReferences |
I can take this on and submit a PR for it, but I'd like a project maintainer to weigh in to let me know if this feature would be merged or if it was intentionally left out. |
feat(operator): Allow users to specify an SSHKey from their Terraform…