Generate Ssh Key Sub Linux System
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Jan 17, 2020 The ssh-keygen command generates, manages and converts authentication keys for ssh client and server usage. Type the following command to generate ssh keys (open terminal and type the command): $ ssh-keygen. This command works on Linux, MacOS, and Windows 10. Unless you have reason to change it, leave the default location of /.ssh/idrsa.If the command says the key already exists, you can either overwrite it or continue onto the next step with your existing key.

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With a secure shell (SSH) key pair, you can create virtual machines (VMs) in Azure that use SSH keys for authentication, eliminating the need for passwords to sign in. This article shows you how to quickly generate and use an SSH public-private key file pair for Linux VMs. You can complete these steps with the Azure Cloud Shell, a macOS or Linux host, the Windows Subsystem for Linux, and other tools that support OpenSSH.

Note

VMs created using SSH keys are by default configured with passwords disabled, which greatly increases the difficulty of brute-force guessing attacks.

For more background and examples, see Detailed steps to create SSH key pairs.

  1. Apr 28, 2018 SSH key and the »Windows Subsystem for Linux«. With Bash on Ubuntu on Windows, you can use a Windows Subsystem for Linux on Windows 10. With that, you can run many Linux commands, for example, ssh. This post shows you how to create an SSH key, which should be used on both, the Linux subsystem and Windows.
  2. Installation of SSH Keys on Linux - A Step-By-Step Guide. Outlined below is a step-by-step guide detailing the process of installing SSH Keys on a Linux server: Step One: Creation of the RSA Key Pair. The first step in the installation process is to create the key pair on the client machine, which would, more often than not, be your own system.

For additional ways to generate and use SSH keys on a Windows computer, see How to use SSH keys with Windows on Azure.

Supported SSH key formats

Azure currently supports SSH protocol 2 (SSH-2) RSA public-private key pairs with a minimum length of 2048 bits. Other key formats such as ED25519 and ECDSA are not supported.

Create an SSH key pair

Use the ssh-keygen command to generate SSH public and private key files. By default, these files are created in the ~/.ssh directory. You can specify a different location, and an optional password (passphrase) to access the private key file. If an SSH key pair with the same name exists in the given location, those files are overwritten.

The following command creates an SSH key pair using RSA encryption and a bit length of 4096:

If you use the Azure CLI to create your VM with the az vm create command, you can optionally generate SSH public and private key files using the --generate-ssh-keys option. The key files are stored in the ~/.ssh directory unless specified otherwise with the --ssh-dest-key-path option. The --generate-ssh-keys option will not overwrite existing key files, instead returning an error. In the following command, replace VMname and RGname with your own values:

Provide an SSH public key when deploying a VM

To create a Linux VM that uses SSH keys for authentication, specify your SSH public key when creating the VM using the Azure portal, Azure CLI, Azure Resource Manager templates, or other methods:

If you're not familiar with the format of an SSH public key, you can display your public key with the following cat command, replacing ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub with the path and filename of your own public key file if needed:

A typical public key value looks like this example:

If you copy and paste the contents of the public key file to use in the Azure portal or a Resource Manager template, make sure you don't copy any trailing whitespace. To copy a public key in macOS, you can pipe the public key file to pbcopy. Similarly in Linux, you can pipe the public key file to programs such as xclip.

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The public key that you place on your Linux VM in Azure is by default stored in ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub, unless you specified a different location when you created the key pair. To use the Azure CLI 2.0 to create your VM with an existing public key, specify the value and optionally the location of this public key using the az vm create command with the --ssh-key-values option. In the following command, replace VMname, RGname, and keyFile with your own values:

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If you want to use multiple SSH keys with your VM, you can enter them in a space-separated list, like this --ssh-key-values sshkey-desktop.pub sshkey-laptop.pub.

SSH into your VM

With the public key deployed on your Azure VM, and the private key on your local system, SSH into your VM using the IP address or DNS name of your VM. In the following command, replace azureuser and myvm.westus.cloudapp.azure.com with the administrator user name and the fully qualified domain name (or IP address):

If you specified a passphrase when you created your key pair, enter that passphrase when prompted during the login process. The VM is added to your ~/.ssh/known_hosts file, and you won't be asked to connect again until either the public key on your Azure VM changes or the server name is removed from ~/.ssh/known_hosts.

If the VM is using the just-in-time access policy, you need to request access before you can connect to the VM. For more information about the just-in-time policy, see Manage virtual machine access using the just in time policy.

Next steps

  • For more information on working with SSH key pairs, see Detailed steps to create and manage SSH key pairs.

  • If you have difficulties with SSH connections to Azure VMs, see Troubleshoot SSH connections to an Azure Linux VM.

How do I generate ssh keys under Linux / UNIX / Mac OS X and *BSD operating systems for remote login?
SSH uses public-key cryptography to authenticate the remote computer and allow the remote computer to authenticate the user, if required. You can create ssh keys as follows on any Linux or UNIX-like operating systems including Mac OS X.[donotprint][/donotprint]
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ssh-keygen command to Generate SSH Keys

The ssh-keygen command generates, manages and converts authentication keys for ssh client and server usage. Type the following command to generate ssh keys (open terminal and type the command):
$ ssh-keygen
Generate SSH keys looks as follows:

The above command creates ~/.ssh/ directory. So if your user name is vivek, than all files are stored in /home/vivek/.ssh/ or $HOME/.ssh/ directory as follows:

  • $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa – Your private key. Do not share this file with anyone. Keep it private
  • $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub– Your public key.

Please note that the passphrase must be different from your current password and do not share keys or passphrase with anyone. Also, make sure you have correct and secure permissions on $HOME/.ssh/ directory:

SSH Keys Are Generated, What Next?

You need to copy $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub file to remote server so that you can login using keys instead of the password. Use any one of the following command to copy key to remote server called vpn22.nixcraft.net.in for vivek user:
ssh-copy-id [email protected]
On some *nix system such as OS X ssh-copy-id command may not be installed, use the following commands (when prompted provide the password for remote user account called vivek) to install/append the public key on remote host:
ssh [email protected] 'umask 077; mkdir .ssh'
cat $HOME/.ssh/id_rsa.pub ssh [email protected] 'cat >> .ssh/authorized_keys'
To login simply type:
ssh [email protected]
The following command will help to remember passphrase
exec ssh-agent $SHELL
ssh-add
ssh [email protected]

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Keys

Optional ssh-keygen command syntax for advance users

Generate Ssh Key Linux Azure

The following syntax specifies the 4096 of bits in the RSA key to creation (default 2048):
ssh-keygen -t rsa -b 4096 -f ~/.ssh/aws.key -C 'My AWs cloud key'
Where,

  • -t rsa : Specifies the type of key to create. The possible values are “rsa1” for protocol version 1 and “dsa”, “ecdsa”, “ed25519”, or “rsa” for protocol version 2.
  • -b 4096 : Specifies the number of bits in the key to create.
  • -f ~/.ssh/aws.key : Specifies the filename of the key file.
  • -C 'My AWs cloud key' : Set a new comment.

Now install the ~/.ssh/aws.key, run:
ssh-copy-id -i ~/.ssh/aws.key user@aws-server-ip
Test it with the ssh command:
ssh -i ~/.ssh/aws.key ec2-user@aws-server-ip
See “How To Set up SSH Keys on a Linux / Unix System” for more info.

Conclusion

You learned how to create and generate ssh keys using the ssh-keygen command.

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  • Howto Linux / UNIX setup SSH with DSA public key authentication (password less login)
  • sshpass: Login To SSH Server / Provide SSH Password Using A Shell Script
  • keychain: Set Up Secure Passwordless SSH Access For Backup Scripts
  • Openssh man pages here
  • Man pages – ssh-keygen(1)

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