HTTPS requires an SSL Certificate. When you generate an SSL Certificate,you are creating a keystore file and a keystore password for use when the browser interface connectsto the Master Server.
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You can choose whether to have a Certifying Authority sign the certificateor you can use a self-signed certificate. A certificate signed by a CertifyingAuthority is trusted by browsers, therefore the browser does not issue a warningwhen a user connects to the browser interface on the Master Server. Generally, CertifyingAuthorities charge a fee to sign a certificate. A self-signed certificateis available for use immediately after you generate the certificate becauseyou do not have to wait for the Certifying Authority to sign it. However,a self-signed certificate is not trusted by the browser, so the browser issuesa warning each time a user connects to the Master Server.
How to Generate SSL Certificates
You must create and configure keystore and truststore files in IBM Control Center before any connections can be secured. The IBM Control Center engine uses the same keystore and truststore files for all secure listeners and client connections, except for Cognos Business Intelligence server, which generates its own self-signed certificate for secure communications.
To enable the browser interface to use SSL, you must first generate an SSL Certificate.You create a keystore file and a keystore password while you generate an SSLCertificate.
Before You Begin
To create a keystore file and a keystore password you will use keytool. keytool is a security tool availablewith the JRE. If you do not have keytool installed, youmust install keytool before you can configure the provisioningsystem to use HTTPS. The N1 Service Provisioning System installs the JRE. If you are configuringHTTPS after you have installed the provisioning system, keytool isinstalled on the system.
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Steps
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Change to the directory in which you installed the JRE.
JAVA-HOME is the directory where you installedthe JRE. If you installed the JRE with the N1 Service Provisioning System 5.1, the JRE is installedin the N1SPS5.1-home/common/jre/bin directory.
Generate the certificate.
Set /keystore-location to the location andfilename of the keystore file where you want to store the generated key.
Set password to whatever passwordthat you want to use as the keystore password.
Follow the prompts to complete.
Do not include anypunctuation in the name of your organization, otherwise the Java Certificatetool fails when attempting to generate the request. The Common Name (CN)must be set to the fully qualified host name, including the domain name, componentof the URI.
How to Obtain a Signature for an SSL Certificate
If you want to use a Certificate signed by a Certifying Authority, followthis procedure to submit the Certificate to the Certifying Authority to besigned.
Steps
Generate the Certificate Request.
/keystore-location is the location and filenamewhere you stored the generated key.
Send the Certificate Request to the Certifying Authority.
Follow the instructions provided by the Certifying Authority. The CertifyingAuthority returns a Certificate Reply.
Save the Certificate Reply to a file.
Verify the Certificate Reply.
certificate-reply-file is the filename ofthe Certificate Reply that you received from the Certifying Authority.
Import the Certificate Reply file to the keystore file.
/keystore-location is the location and filenamewhere you stored the generated key. certificate-reply-file isthe filename of the Certificate Reply that you received from the CertifyingAuthority.
Verify the imported Certificate Reply.
/keystore-location is the location and filenamewhere you stored the generated key.
Generating a KeyStore and TrustStore
The following sections explain how to create both a KeyStoreand a TrustStore (or import a certificate into an existing TrustStoresuch as the default Logical Host TrustStore in the location:
where <c:JavaCAPS> isthe directory where Java CAPS is installed and <MyDomain> isthe name of your domain. The primary tool used is keytool, but openssl isalso used as a reference for generating pkcs12 KeyStores.
For more information on openssl andavailable downloads, visit the following web site:
http://www.openssl.org.
Creating a KeyStore in JKS Format
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This section explains how to create a KeyStore using theJKS format as the database format for both the private key, and theassociated certificate or certificate chain. By default, as specifiedin the java.security file, keytool usesJKS as the format of the key and certificate databases (KeyStore andTrustStores). A CA must sign the certificate signing request (CSR).The CA is therefore trusted by the server-side application to whichthe Adapter is connected.
Note –Itis recommended to use the default KeyStore
where <c:JavaCAPS> isthe directory where Java CAPS is installed and <MyDomain> isthe name of your domain.
To Generate a KeyStore
Perform the following command.
Once prompted, enter the information required to generatea CSR. A sample key generation section follows.
If the KeyStore password is specified, then the password mustbe provided for the adapter.
Press RETURN when prompted for the key password (thisaction makes the key password the same as the KeyStore password).
This operation creates a KeyStore file clientkeystore in the current working directory. You must specify a fullyqualified domain for the “first and last name” question.The reason for this use is that some CAs such as VeriSign expect thisproperties to be a fully qualified domain name.
Thereare CAs that do not require the fully qualified domain, but it isrecommended to use the fully qualified domain name for the sake ofportability. All the other information given must be valid. If theinformation cannot be validated, a CA such as VeriSign does not signa generated CSR for this entry.
This KeyStore containsan entry with an alias of client.This entry consists of the generated private key and information neededfor generating a CSR as follows:
This command generates a certificate signing request which canbe provided to a CA for a certificate request. The file client.csr contains the CSR in PEM format.
Some CA (one trusted by the web server to which the adapteris connecting) must sign the CSR. The CA generates a certificate forthe corresponding CSR and signs the certificate with its private key.For more information, visit the following web sites:
or
If the certificate is chained with the CA’scertificate, perform step 4; otherwise, perform step 5 in the followinglist:
Perform the following command.
The command imports the certificate and assumes the client certificateis in the file client.cer and theCA’s certificate is in the file CARoot.cer.
Perform the following command to import the CA’scertificate into the KeyStore for chaining with the client’scertificate.
Perform the following command to import the client’scertificate signed by the CA whose certificate was imported in thepreceding step.
The generated file clientkeystore containsthe client’s private key and the associated certificate chainused for client authentication and signing. The KeyStore and/or clientkeystore, can then be used as the adapter’sKeyStore.
Creating a KeyStore in PKCS12 Format
This section explains how to create a PKCS12 KeyStoreto work with JSSE. In a real working environment, a customer couldalready have an existing private key and certificate (signed by aknown CA). In this case, JKS format cannot be used, because it doesnot allow the user to import/export the private key through keytool. It is necessary to generate a PKCS12database consisting of the private key and its certificate.
The generated PKCS12 database can then be used as the Adapter’sKeyStore. The keytool utility iscurrently lacking the ability to write to a PKCS12 database. However,it can read from a PKCS12 database.
Note –There are additional third-party tools available for generatingPKCS12 certificates, if you want to use a different tool.
For the following example, openssl isused to generate the PKCS12 KeyStore:
The existing key is in the file mykey.pem.txt in PEM format. The certificate is in mycertificate.pem.txt, which is also in PEM format. A textfile must be created which contains the key followed by the certificateas follows:
This command prompts the user for a password. The password isrequired. The KeyStore fails to work with JSSE without a password.This password must also be supplied as the password for the Adapter’sKeyStore password.
This command also uses the openssl pkcs12 commandto generate a PKCS12 KeyStore with the private key and certificate.The generated KeyStore is mykeystore.pkcs12 withan entry specified by the myAlias alias.This entry contains the private key and the certificate provided bythe -in argument. The noiter and nomaciter optionsmust be specified to allow the generated KeyStore to be recognizedproperly by JSSE.
Creating a TrustStore
For demonstration purposes, suppose you have the followingCAs that you trust: firstCA.cert, secondCA.cert,thirdCA.cert, located in the directory C:cascerts. You can create a new TrustStore consistingof these three trusted certificates.
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To Create a New TrustStore
Perform the following command.
Enter this command two more times, but for the secondand third entries, substitute secondCA and thirdCA for firstCA.Each of these command entries has the following purposes:
The first entry creates a KeyStore file named myTrustStore in the current working directoryand imports the firstCA certificateinto the TrustStore with an alias of firstCA.The format of myTrustStore is JKS.
For the second entry, substitute secondCA to import the secondCA certificateinto the TrustStore, myTrustStore.
For the third entry, substitute thirdCA to import the thirdCA certificateinto the TrustStore.
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Once completed, myTrustStore is available to be used as theTrustStore for the adapter.