In order to indicate a particular provider type and location, the user must provide the hadoop.security.credential.provider.path configuration element in core-site.xml or use the command line option -provider on each of the following commands. This provider path is a comma-separated list of URLs that indicates the type and location of a list of providers that should be consulted. The Hadoop shell is a family of commands that you can run from your operating system’s command line. The shell has two sets of commands: one for file manipulation (similar in purpose and syntax to Linux commands that many of us know and love) and one for Hadoop administration.
User Commands
Commands useful for users of a hadoop cluster.
archive
Creates a hadoop archive. More information can be found at Hadoop Archives Guide.
Command To Generate Machine Keys In Hadoop Download
checknative
Usage: hadoop checknative [-a] [-h]
| COMMAND_OPTION | Description |
|---|---|
| -a | Check all libraries are available. |
| -h | print help |
This command checks the availability of the Hadoop native code. See Native Libaries for more information. By default, this command only checks the availability of libhadoop.
classpath
Usage: hadoop classpath [--glob --jar <path> -h --help]
| COMMAND_OPTION | Description |
|---|---|
| --glob | expand wildcards |
| --jarpath | write classpath as manifest in jar named path |
| -h, --help | print help |
Prints the class path needed to get the Hadoop jar and the required libraries. If called without arguments, then prints the classpath set up by the command scripts, which is likely to contain wildcards in the classpath entries. Additional options print the classpath after wildcard expansion or write the classpath into the manifest of a jar file. The latter is useful in environments where wildcards cannot be used and the expanded classpath exceeds the maximum supported command line length.
conftest
Usage: hadoop conftest [-conffile <path>]..
| COMMAND_OPTION | Description |
|---|---|
| -conffile | Path of a configuration file or directory to validate |
| -h, --help | print help |
Validates configuration XML files. If the -conffile option is not specified, the files in ${HADOOP_CONF_DIR} whose name end with .xml will be verified. If specified, that path will be verified. You can specify either a file or directory, and if a directory specified, the files in that directory whose name end with .xml will be verified. You can specify -conffile option multiple times.
The validation is fairly minimal: the XML is parsed and duplicate and empty property names are checked for. The command does not support XInclude; if you using that to pull in configuration items, it will declare the XML file invalid.
credential
Usage: hadoop credential <subcommand> [options]
| COMMAND_OPTION | Description |
|---|---|
| create alias [-provider provider-path] [-strict] [-value credential-value] | Prompts the user for a credential to be stored as the given alias. The hadoop.security.credential.provider.path within the core-site.xml file will be used unless a -provider is indicated. The -strict flag will cause the command to fail if the provider uses a default password. Use -value flag to supply the credential value (a.k.a. the alias password) instead of being prompted. |
| delete alias [-provider provider-path] [-strict] [-f] | Deletes the credential with the provided alias. The hadoop.security.credential.provider.path within the core-site.xml file will be used unless a -provider is indicated. The -strict flag will cause the command to fail if the provider uses a default password. The command asks for confirmation unless -f is specified |
| list [-provider provider-path] [-strict] | Lists all of the credential aliases The hadoop.security.credential.provider.path within the core-site.xml file will be used unless a -provider is indicated. The -strict flag will cause the command to fail if the provider uses a default password. |
Command to manage credentials, passwords and secrets within credential providers.
The CredentialProvider API in Hadoop allows for the separation of applications and how they store their required passwords/secrets. In order to indicate a particular provider type and location, the user must provide the hadoop.security.credential.provider.path configuration element in core-site.xml or use the command line option -provider on each of the following commands. This provider path is a comma-separated list of URLs that indicates the type and location of a list of providers that should be consulted. For example, the following path: user:///,jceks://file/tmp/test.jceks,jceks://[email protected]/my/path/test.jceks
indicates that the current user’s credentials file should be consulted through the User Provider, that the local file located at /tmp/test.jceks is a Java Keystore Provider and that the file located within HDFS at nn1.example.com/my/path/test.jceks is also a store for a Java Keystore Provider.
When utilizing the credential command it will often be for provisioning a password or secret to a particular credential store provider. In order to explicitly indicate which provider store to use the -provider option should be used. Otherwise, given a path of multiple providers, the first non-transient provider will be used. This may or may not be the one that you intended.
Providers frequently require that a password or other secret is supplied. If the provider requires a password and is unable to find one, it will use a default password and emit a warning message that the default password is being used. If the -strict flag is supplied, the warning message becomes an error message and the command returns immediately with an error status.
Example: hadoop credential list -provider jceks://file/tmp/test.jceks
distch
Usage: hadoop distch [-f urilist_url] [-i] [-log logdir] path:owner:group:permissions
| COMMAND_OPTION | Description |
|---|---|
| -f | List of objects to change |
| -i | Ignore failures |
| -log | Directory to log output |
Change the ownership and permissions on many files at once.
distcp
Copy file or directories recursively. More information can be found at Hadoop DistCp Guide.
dtutil
Usage: hadoop dtutil [-keytabkeytab_file-principalprincipal_name]subcommand[-format (java protobuf)] [-aliasalias] [-renewerrenewer]filename…
Utility to fetch and manage hadoop delegation tokens inside credentials files. It is intended to replace the simpler command fetchdt. There are multiple subcommands, each with their own flags and options.
For every subcommand that writes out a file, the -format option will specify the internal format to use. java is the legacy format that matches fetchdt. The default is protobuf.
For every subcommand that connects to a service, convenience flags are provided to specify the kerberos principal name and keytab file to use for auth.
| SUBCOMMAND | Description |
|---|---|
| print [-aliasalias] filename[filename2..] | Print out the fields in the tokens contained in filename (and filename2 …). If alias is specified, print only tokens matching alias. Otherwise, print all tokens. |
| getURL [-servicescheme] [-format (java protobuf)] [-aliasalias] [-renewerrenewer] filename | Fetch a token from service at URL and place it in filename. URL is required and must immediately follow get. URL is the service URL, e.g. hdfs://localhost:9000. alias will overwrite the service field in the token. It is intended for hosts that have external and internal names, e.g. firewall.com:14000. filename should come last and is the name of the token file. It will be created if it does not exist. Otherwise, token(s) are added to existing file. The -service flag should only be used with a URL which starts with http or https. The following are equivalent: hdfs://localhost:9000/ vs. http://localhost:9000-servicehdfs |
| append [-format (java protobuf)] filenamefilename2[filename3..] | Append the contents of the first N filenames onto the last filename. When tokens with common service fields are present in multiple files, earlier files’ tokens are overwritten. That is, tokens present in the last file are always preserved. |
| remove -aliasalias [-format (java protobuf)] filename[filename2..] | From each file specified, remove the tokens matching alias and write out each file using specified format. alias must be specified. |
| cancel -aliasalias [-format (java protobuf)] filename[filename2..] | Just like remove, except the tokens are also cancelled using the service specified in the token object. alias must be specified. |
| renew -aliasalias [-format (java protobuf)] filename[filename2..] | For each file specified, renew the tokens matching alias and write out each file using specified format. alias must be specified. |
fs
This command is documented in the File System Shell Guide. It is a synonym for hdfs dfs when HDFS is in use.
gridmix
Gridmix is a benchmark tool for Hadoop cluster. More information can be found in the Gridmix Guide.
jar
Usage: hadoop jar <jar> [mainClass] args..
Runs a jar file.
Use yarn jar to launch YARN applications instead.
jnipath
Usage: hadoop jnipath
Print the computed java.library.path.
kerbname
Usage: hadoop kerbname principal
Hadoop Commands In Unix
Convert the named principal via the auth_to_local rules to the Hadoop user name.
Hadoop Commands Tutorial
Example: hadoop kerbname [email protected]
kdiag
Usage: hadoop kdiag
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key
Usage: hadoop key <subcommand> [options]
| COMMAND_OPTION | Description |
|---|---|
| create keyname [-cipher cipher] [-size size] [-description description] [-attr attribute=value] [-provider provider] [-strict] [-help] | Creates a new key for the name specified by the keyname argument within the provider specified by the -provider argument. The -strict flag will cause the command to fail if the provider uses a default password. You may specify a cipher with the -cipher argument. The default cipher is currently “AES/CTR/NoPadding”. The default keysize is 128. You may specify the requested key length using the -size argument. Arbitrary attribute=value style attributes may be specified using the -attr argument. -attr may be specified multiple times, once per attribute. |
| roll keyname [-provider provider] [-strict] [-help] | Creates a new version for the specified key within the provider indicated using the -provider argument. The -strict flag will cause the command to fail if the provider uses a default password. |
| delete keyname [-provider provider] [-strict] [-f] [-help] | Deletes all versions of the key specified by the keyname argument from within the provider specified by -provider. The -strict flag will cause the command to fail if the provider uses a default password. The command asks for user confirmation unless -f is specified. |
| list [-provider provider] [-strict] [-metadata] [-help] | Displays the keynames contained within a particular provider as configured in core-site.xml or specified with the -provider argument. The -strict flag will cause the command to fail if the provider uses a default password. -metadata displays the metadata. |
| -help | Prints usage of this command |
Manage keys via the KeyProvider. For details on KeyProviders, see the Transparent Encryption Guide.
Providers frequently require that a password or other secret is supplied. If the provider requires a password and is unable to find one, it will use a default password and emit a warning message that the default password is being used. If the -strict flag is supplied, the warning message becomes an error message and the command returns immediately with an error status.
NOTE: Some KeyProviders (e.g. org.apache.hadoop.crypto.key.JavaKeyStoreProvider) do not support uppercase key names.
NOTE: Some KeyProviders do not directly execute a key deletion (e.g. performs a soft-delete instead, or delay the actual deletion, to prevent mistake). In these cases, one may encounter errors when creating/deleting a key with the same name after deleting it. Please check the underlying KeyProvider for details.
kms
Usage: hadoop kms
Run KMS, the Key Management Server.
trace
View and modify Hadoop tracing settings. See the Tracing Guide.
CLASSNAME
Usage: hadoop CLASSNAME
Runs the class named CLASSNAME. The class must be part of a package.
envvars
Usage: hadoop envvars
Display computed Hadoop environment variables.